谁的荆轲——荆轲形象论之一

Whose Jing Ke——On Jing Ke's Image

所谓历史上的荆轲,其实只是存在于不同文本中的荆轲,是《史记》、《战国策》和《燕丹子》中所描述的荆轲。由于对三个文本之真实关系长期存在误解,于是不但三个文本形成之先后顺序众说不一,而且混淆了历史与文学的差异,荆轲的真实面目由此变得更加扑朔迷离。事实上,三个文本中的荆轲形象分属于史传系统和文学系统,渊源有自,其各自的性格特征亦明显有别,理当予以区分。

The so-called Jing Ke in history,in fact,was merely the one existing in different texts of Historical Records, Intrigues of the Warring States and Prince Dan of Yan State. Due to the long-term misunderstanding on the true relations among the three texts,people's opinions differ on their chronological sequence and history shading into literature clouds our evaluation,the true face of Jing Ke thus became more blurred. In fact,Jing Ke's images in the three texts respectively belonged to the historical biography and literary creation. The diverse origins were directly linked to the distinct personality traits of Jing Ke,which should be distinguished carefully.