我国民航客运票价的影响因素——基于订票时间的动态分析

Study on the Influence Factors on China Airlines pricing-Based on Dynamic Analysis of Dynamic Booking Time

基于中国国内主要城市间的航班数据,运用2SLS方法 ,探讨了订票时间、航空公司异质性、市场结构、机型特点等影响民航客运票价的因素。实证结果显示,中国民航客运票价呈现出不同的航空公司特性,华夏航空、成都航空和中国国际等航空公司定价较高,而河北航空、西部航空等航空公司票价较低;下午2点时段票价最高,晚上11点时段票价最低;竞争和垄断程度显著影响着机票价格,不同的市场结构具有不同的定价行为;机票价格与订票天数存在显著的J曲线效应;存在高铁竞争的航线票价有显著的降低。

Based on the flight information of major domestic routes, this paper analyzes the factors affecting the ticket price, such as the booking time, airlines heterogeneity of airlines, market structure and aircraft types and so on, employing the 2sls method. The result shows the ticket prices differ among airlines, and Huaxia, Chengdu and China airlines charge the highest, while the Hebei and Xibu airlines charge the lowest; The price at 2 PM is the highest time and the one at 11 PM is the lowest; competition and degree of monopoly significantly affect the charging price, as well as the market structure; There exists a ＂J＂ curve effect between price and booking days; the competition from high speed rail way can obviously lower the airline price.