大学生心理健康、人格与自卑感的性别差异

Gender Difference of University Students in Metal health, Personality and Sense of Inferiority

目的:了解不同性别大学生的心理健康水平、人格特征、自卑感状况。方法:运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、自卑感量表(FIS)对3540名大学生进行调查并进行性别比较。结果:女生SCL-90总分,除躯体化、敌对、偏执外7个因子分均高于男生,除躯体化、敌对、偏执、精神病性外存在显著差异(t>2.321,P<0.05);EPQ中,除内外向外均存在显著性别差异(t>3.629,P<0.01);FIS中,女生的自卑感总分、五方面因子分均高于男生,除学习能力外,均存在极其显著差异(t>3.629,P<0.01);性别与心理健康、人格特征、自卑感多个因素存在弱相关;男生的自卑总分、内外向、掩饰性进入心理健康回归方程,女生的自卑总分、神经质进入回归方程。结论:女生心理健康水平较男生差,比男生情绪稳定性差,掩饰性强,比男生自卑;男、女生心理健康水平多元回归方程不同。

Objective： To learn the gender difference of university students in mental health,personality and the sense of inferiority. Methods： students were investigated with Symptom Checklist 90,Eysenck Personal Questionnaire and The Feelings of Inadequacy Scale with gender comparison conducted. Results： Except somatization,hostility and paranoid ideation,the total score of SCL and other 7 factors scores of female students are significantly higher than those of male students（ t 2. 321,P 0. 05）. In EPQ,there are notable differences except the E factor（ t 3. 629,P 0. 01）. In FIS,the total score of the sense of inferiority and 5 factors of females students are higher than those of male students and there are notable differences except the learning ability（ t 10. 885,P 0. 01）; Gender weakly correlates with the SCL- 90、EPQ、FIS; The logistic regression analysis shows that the total score of the sense of inferiority,extroversion / introversion,EPQ- L of male students enter into the regression equation of mental health,while the total score of inferiority, neuroticism of female students enter into the regression equation. Conclusion： The metal health status and the emotional stability of female students are worse than those of male students; female students suffer more sense of and inferiority than male students; the multiple regression equation for mental health level of female students is different from that for male students.