气候变化对黑龙江省水稻生产的影响初探

Effect of Climate Change on Rice Production in Heilongjiang Province

近代黑龙江19世纪80年代开始水稻种植,此后在曲折中发展,1984年以后稳定增长,并成为当今最重要的粮食作物之一。气候变暖和在气候变暖背景下极端最低气温的显著上升,是近几十年黑龙江水稻发展的根本原因。近100多年的短期考察和近1000多年的长期考察都表明,气候条件是制约黑龙江水稻生产的基本因素。在气候温暖时期,黑龙江可以大规模地发展水稻,而在气候寒冷的时期,黑龙江则很难有成规模的水稻种植。

The modern Heilongjiang began planting rice from the age of 1880s, after this it developed in tortuous and steady growth since 1984. Today, it has become one of the most important food crops in Heilongjiang. Climate warming and extreme minimum temperature increased significantly under the background of climate warming, was the fundamental reason why the rice development in Heilongjiang in recent decades. The short-term study nearly 100 years and nearly 1000 years had shown that the climatic conditions were restricting factors of rice production in Heilongjiang. In the warm periods, Heilongjiang could be a large-scale development of rice, and in the cold climate period, Heilongjiang was difficult to have the rice planting scale.