改良S_1选择法对12个玉米群体改良效果的比较分析

Comparison of the Improving Effect of Improved S_1 Selection Approach on 12 Maize Populations

为了对玉米群体进行合理有效的改良利用,通过改良S1选择法对12个玉米群体改良一轮后进行效果比较分析。结果表明,穗行数、行粒数和百粒重是构成产量的三因素,遗传增益最大的群体为蒙群2,其他依次为蒙群4、蒙群1等7个群体,蒙群3及3个国外引进群体遗传增益为负值;玉米群体在穗部、植株性状以及遗传变异中均存在一定的变化。试验研究得出,蒙群2、蒙群4、中综7号、蒙C群、蒙A群产量遗传增益均较大,并在其他农艺性状中改良效果显著,可直接选择优株自交进行选系,而其余7个群体遗传增益小,改良利用潜力不大。

In this study, 12 maize populations had been improved using improved S1 selection approach, aiming to increase the efficiency of the improvement of maize populations. The results showed that, number of rows per spike, number of grains per row and 100-seed weight were the three component traits of maize yield. The highest genetic increment was founded in Mengqun2, and followed by Mengqun4 and Mengqun1 etc, 7 maize populations. Negative genetic increment was founded in Mengqun3 and 3 foreign maize populations. Some changes had been found in spike, plant traits and genetic diversity of maize populatio. Based on our results, we concluded that the first-class plants could be selected from Mengqun2, Mengqun4, Zhongzong7, Meng C qun and Meng A qun directly to filter out lines by selfing because of the higher yield genetic increment and significant improvements of other agricultural genetic traits of these maize populations. Comparing with those five populations, the improvement potential of other maize populations was limited because of the lower genetic increment.