四川交通运输的历史演变及其对省域空间格局的影响

Historical Evolution of the Transportation in Sichuan and Its Impact on Provincial Spatial Pattern

从古至今，四川交通运输经历了从以水运为主到铁路、公路主导，再到铁路、公路、内河水运、航空和管道运输相结合的综合运输体系的发展过程。主导交通方式的变化及其空间布局对四川经济社会发展的空间总体格局、产业布局、城镇布局均产生了影响。与之相应，省域空间结构也由最初的离散式至单核集聚再逐步向扩散和均衡型过渡。近代内河水运促进了近代工业在沿江城镇的兴起，上世纪50～70年代铁路的兴建引致现代工业沿铁路干线布局，高速公路促进工业向省域内更为广阔的区域延伸。

Historically, the dominant way of transportation in Sichuan has changed from water born transport to the railway and highway transportation, and has then been transformed into an integrated transport system combined with railways, highways, water born transportation, aviation and pipeline transport. The changes in the dominant way of transportation have brought about the knock-on effect on the overall spatial layout of Sichuan＇s economic and social development, especially on the industrial and urban layouts etc. At the same time, the provincial spatial structure has changed accordingly, which is transformed from the original discrete type to the mononuclear agglomeration and then to the diffusion type and balanced type. Modern water born transportation promoted the rise of modern industry in the towns along the river. The construction of the railways from 1950s to 1970s resulted in the layout of modern industry along the railway. The development of inland river transportation and the construction of the railways have played a vital role in the layout of Sichuan＇s towns and their development.