创办近代中国铁路高等学堂的实践评析

Practice in the Founding of Modern Chinese Railway Higher Schools

从19世纪末到20世纪初,清政府创办了山海关北洋铁路官学堂、南洋公学、邮传部铁路管理传习所等一批铁路学堂,为近代中国铁路事业培养了不少建设人才,有力地促进了铁路建设事业的发展。虽在办学过程中面临缺乏统一管理、师资短缺、经费紧绌、生源不足、战争动乱等困境,办学条件艰苦,但培养出的铁路建设人才仍在一定程度上满足了近代中国铁路建设事业发展的需要,从而为近代中国经济发展和社会进步做出了贡献。

From the early 19th to the 20th century, the Qing government established several schools including the Northern Railway Shanhaiguan official school, Nanyang Public School, Railway Management School of the Ministry of Post and Communication, which contributed to the development of modern Chinese railways and cultivated a lot of talents for the construction of railways. But in the process of school running, many problems and difficulties occurred such as the lack of unified management, teacher shortages, tight funding, lack of students, war unrest and others. However, despite of the difficulties, the talents cultivated from those schools had met the basic demands for the development of modern Chinese railways and promoted the economic development and social progress in modern China.