制度概念的历史唯物主义阐释

An Interpretation of the Concept of Institution in the Perspective of Historical Materialism

如何对制度概念加以定义是人类思想史上争论不休的一个大问题,无数先贤都为此做出了努力和尝试,其中真正触及到制度本质性维度的还是马克思。马克思在历史唯物主义的语境下把制度理解为"对人的存在方式的历史性规范",从而在哲学存在论的层面上破解了制度概念的千古谜题。但我国理论界长期受限于传统的哲学研究范式,忽视了制度概念的存在论基础,仅从"生产力决定生产关系、经济基础决定上层建筑"这一基本命题出发来阐述马克思的制度概念,这无疑仍然是在用认识论的话语体系讨论一个存在论的问题,无法充分彰显马克思制度观的革命意义和人文价值。

How to define the concept of institution is a very important problem in the history of human. A lot of scholars have tried to solve this problem, but only Marx really touched the intrinsic dimension of institution. Ma- rx defined the institution as ＂the historical norms of human existence＂ in the context of historical materialism, and cracked the age-old puzzle in the level of philosophical ontology. However, many people ignored the ontological foundation of the institution concept due to the limitations of the traditional philosophy in the theoretical field. They are still discussing an ontological issue in the epistemology system, unable to demonstrate revolutionary significance and humanistic value of Marx＇s view.