胡文英《屈骚指掌》成书的背景研究

A Study of the Background of the Formation of Qu Sao Zhi Zhang By HU Wen-ying

胡文英《屈骚指掌》,是清代一部考证务实、见解通达的重要注本。胡文英虽为官从政,生活却"食贫居贱、辛苦流离",尽管其窘迫之因与屈原有异,然亦可想象胡氏彼时境遇与屈子被放逐后"颜色憔悴、形容枯槁"之相通处,冥冥之中引领他在《楚辞》中找到了情感寄托之地。受考据之风熏染,胡文英注《楚辞》之方法与体例多与梁启超所概括的清代朴学之特征相符。又胡氏著有《庄子独见》,其释《庄》的方法,如"时文之法"、"空言之法"、"微探之法"、"品读之法"、"自得之法"等对治《骚》多有影响。文章从胡文英的生平、所处时代及著书三方面,挖掘其关联性,继而揭示《屈骚指掌》成书之背景。

HU Wen-ying′s Qu Sao Zhi Zhang is a textual and pragmatic research in Qing Dynasty.Although HU Wen-ying was a government official,his life was humble and he wandered from place to place.Though the rea-sons for this are different from those for QU Yuan′s,the situations are similar.Both suffered physically after they were exiled,which accidentally led HU to the empathy in Chu Ci.Under the trend of textual research,HU Wen-ying ′s notes on Chu Ci are similar to the textual critic in Qing Dynasty summarized by LIANG Qi-chao in method and system.HU wrote The Special View of ZHUANG Zi,in which he interpreted ZHUANG Zi in some ways such as stereotyped writing,boring empty language,subtle exploration,reading method,analysis method and so on.These ways have great effects on the study of Chu Ci.This paper reveals the background of the formation of Qu Sao Zhi Zhang from the aspects of HU′s life,living times,works,and their association.