认知双重任务干扰平衡功能的研究

Effect of cognitive dual task on body balance

目的:探讨单项认知任务和双重认知任务的区别,以及音乐双重任务与心算双重任务对平衡功能的不同影响。方法:选取青年25名,在静态平衡仪上进行睁眼与闭眼状态下的左右单足支撑站立测试,共3次,每次间隔2周。3次测试分别为:单项任务、音乐双重任务和心算题双重任务平衡测试。记录重心左右及前后最大摆幅、重心外周面积。结果:3种测试任务中,左右腿之间的差异无统计学意义;音乐双重任务测试和单项任务测试之间无统计学差异。睁眼测试的左右最大摆幅、前后最大摆幅和重心外周面积明显低于闭眼测试(P<0.05)。心算题双重任务测试在睁眼测试重心左右及前后最大摆幅和重心外周面积上较单项任务测试、音乐双重任务测试均有明显增加(P<0.05),而闭眼测试的变化并不具统计学差异。结论:视觉是维持机体平衡的重要感觉系统之一,并受认知任务和认知负荷分配的影响。

Objective ：To compare the differences among single task ,music dual task and mental arithmetic dual task on body balance .Methods ：The balance function （standing on one leg in eyes-open and eyes-closed situations） of 25 normal university students was recorded .Subjects were tested in three different conditions ：single task ,dual task 1 （music group） and dual task 2 （mental arithmetic group） .The maximum and average deviation of center of pressure in both frontal and vertical plane and peripheral area of center of pressure were collected .Results ：There was no significant difference in the three tasks tested between the left and right leg conditions .The data of maximum deviation of center of pressure in eyes-open situations were all less than in eyes-close situations in single task test , dual task 1 and dual task 2 （P〈0 .05） .No significant difference was found between single task and dual task 1 ,but maximum deviation of center of pressure in dual task 2 was increased significantly ,and that in the anteroposterior ax-is ,coronal axis and the peripheral area in the dual task 1 in eyes-open situation as compared with single task （P〈0 .05） .No increase was observed in eyes-closed situation .Conclusion ：Visual system may play an important role in keeping balance of human bodies ,but it is disturbed by cognitive load and distribution .