北洋武备生与清末军事现代化

The Pei-yang Military Academy Students and Early Modernization of Military in Late Qing Dynasty

以"北洋三杰"王士珍、段祺瑞和冯国璋为代表的北洋武备生在清末军事变革中大显身手,创建训练新陆军、改编山东地方军和编练北洋六镇,勤于谋划,躬自实践。因应清末军事现代化对合格将才的需求,北洋武备生主持北洋一系列军事学堂,积极改章建制,培养了一大批学有素养的军事专才,推动了清末军事现代化的发展。伴随北洋集团的崛起,北洋武备生亦逐步形成为"武备派"势力,成为影响清末政局的重要力量。

Wang Shizhen, Duan Qirni and Feng Guozhang, known as ＂Northern heroes＂, were the representatives of the Pei-yang Military Academy students, who trained the new army, adopted the Shandong local troops and trained the Six Divisions of the Pei-yang. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of qualified generals in late Qing military modernization, they promoted reform in Pei-yang military academies and trained a large number of quality military talents. They contributed to the development of the late Qing military modernization. With the rise of the Pei-yang group, the Pei-yang Military Academy students gradually formed the Pei-Yang faction and had great influence on the political situation in late Qing Dynasty.