简析道家的人民群众观

Analysis on Taoist School's Viewpoints about the Masses

道家思想中含有丰富的关于安民逸民的观点。其主张:待民必须守道遵玄德;民众疾苦、多欲、多智难治与圣人侯王有为而治直接相关;由百姓自然而为,实现自行化育,侯王们要无为好静、无事无欲、不扰民残民,谦民爱民合民心等。要珍视蕴含于道家纯自然主义思想中的大智慧,谨防反自然的偏差和权力的异化;要警惕蕴含于道家纯自然主义思想中的反文明倾向,谨防反现代性的偏差。老子思想中确有民愚和愚民的主张,对此,今人当有清醒的认识。还老子于本相,这才是对老子的真正敬重。

In the thoughts of Taoist School there are lot of viewpoints about the masses, such as： must take the Dao and grand virtue toward the masses; the masses in many troubles relating with the sages and kings governing by action; to be the best conditions that the masses being by mean of themselves and on natural way; to be the best conditions that the sages and kings be in silence and inactions; the sages and kings have to love the masses indeed and comply with the masses heart. To treasure the grand wisdoms in the Taoist School＇ s thought, and beware of anti-nature tendency in it, samewhile, to treasure the anti-civilization tendency in the Taoist School＇ s thought, and beware of anti-modernization tendency in it. To be sure that there are the viewpoints about the masses fool and making a fool of the masses in the Taoist School＇s thoughts. It just really revere the Laozi to study the Laozi according to his original features.