1起大学生风疹疫情的临床分析及防控

Clinical analysis of rubella among college students and experience of its preventionand control

目的探讨大学生风疹临床特点及防控措施。方法对1起有92名大学生发病的风疹流行病例进行回顾性分析和总结。结果 92例中,有前驱症状者81例(88%);发热73例(79.3%);淋巴结肿大84例(90.2%);典型皮疹87例(96.6%);麻疹样皮疹5例(5.4%);口腔粘膜瘀点49例(53.3%)。并发关节痛31例(33.7%),未发现严重并发症。防控从隔离传染原、切断传播途径、保护易感人群入手,风疹疫苗应急接种防控效果良好。结论大学生风疹临床表现典型,疫苗应急接种能有效控制疫情。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of rubella and preventive measures among college students. Methods A rubella epidemic of 92 cases in a college was retrospectively investigated. Results Of all the 92 cases, there were 81 cases of prodrome（88 % ）, 73 cases of ferveseence （79.3%）, 84 cases of enlargement of lymph nodes （90.2%）, 87 cases of typical rashes （96.6%）, 5 cases of measles-like rashes （5.4%）, 49 cases of oral mucosa petechia （53.3%）, 31 cases of incidental arthralgia （33.7%） and these patients had no serious complications. The preventive measures proceed with quarantine of infectious agents, severance of spreading medium and protection of susceptible people. It was an effective preventive measure to inoculate rubella vaccine. Conclusions There are typical clinical demonstrations of rubella among these college student patients, and an emergent vaccine inoculation is effective to control the epidemic.