长沙地区水稻生产主要气象灾害分析及对策

Analysis of Main Climatic Disasters in Rice Production in Changsha Area and Its Strategies

通过对湖南长沙国家基本气象站近43 a气象资料的整合及近13 a水稻主要气象灾害发生时间和强度的统计,将前30 a的气象情况与后13a的气象情况进行比对,结果表明:当前长沙地区水稻生产主要气象灾害呈现出高温热害、干旱、寒露风发生趋强,而5月低温、倒春寒、干热风、大风、冰雹、洪涝、阴雨寡照发生趋弱的特点,并针对性地提出了水稻气象灾害的防灾减灾对策。

Through integrating of meteorological data from national basic meteorological station in Changsha city of Hunan province in recent 43 years and statistic of occurrence time and intensity of main meteorological disasters for rice in Changsha city in recent 13 years, a comparison was conducted to the meteorological situations between fist 30 years and later 13 years. The results indicated that at present, the main meteorological disasters in rice production in Changsha area showed an increasing occurrence tendency of high temperature damage, drought and cold-dew wind, but a decreasing occurrence tendency of low temperature, late spring cold, dry and hot wind, gale, hail, flood, cloudy and drizzly day. In the end, some corresponding strategies for preventing and reducing meteorological disasters in rice production were put forward.