贵州鸟王茶不同生态模式土壤肥力与重金属剖面特征

Soil Fertility and Profile Feature of Heavy Metal Content in Three Different Ecological Models of Niaowang Tea in Guizhou Province

采集了贵州鸟王茶产地3种不同生态模式（野生茶园、人工茶园、天然林地）的土壤,测定了土壤的营养元素（有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾）含量,分析了重金属元素（Cr、As、Pb、Hg、Cd）的土壤剖面特征。结果表明,3种生态模式的土壤肥力水平均较高,除人工茶园土壤碱解氮含量等级属于Ⅲ级外,其他生态模式的土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质含量等级均为Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,3种生态模式的土壤肥力水平高低顺序为野生茶园、天然林地、人工茶园。3种生态模式下的土壤重金属含量在0～20 cm和20～40 cm土层中有所差异,0～20 cm土层中,Cr、As和Pb含量均表现为人工茶园＞天然林地＞野生茶园,Hg和Cd含量则表现为人工茶园＞野生茶园＞天然林地;20～40 cm土层中,Cr和As含量均表现为人工茶园＞天然林地＞野生茶园,Pb、Cd和Hg含量表现为人工茶园＞野生茶园＞天然林地。

The soils from three different ecological models （original tea garden,artificial tea garden and natural woodland） of Niaowang tea in Guizhou province were collected. The contents of soil nutrients （organic matter content, N, P, K） were de- termined and the features of heavy metals （Cr, As, Pb, Hg, Cd） in soil profile were analyzed. The results showed that the soil fertility of three ecological models was high. Soil fertility index grades such as available nitrogen, available P, available K, organic matter were I and I1. The orders of soil fertility among these three gardens were original tea garden〉natural woodland〉artificial tea garden. The soil profile features of heavy metals of Niaowang tea origins in three different ecological models were depicted. The content of five heavy metals was different in two different soil phases. The orders of Cr,As and Pb content were artificial tea garden〉 natural woodland〉 original tea garden in 0-20 cm. The orders of Hg and Cd content were artificial tea garden 〉original tea garden〉 natural woodland. The orders of Cr and As content were artificial tea garden〉 natural woodland〉 original tea garden in 20-40 cm. The orders of Pb,Cd and Hg content were artificial tea garden〉 original tea garden〉 natural woodland.