国外天然气管道管理体制演进及对我国的启示

Evolution of Overseas Gas Pipeline Management Systems and Insights for China

随着我国天然气需求快速增长,三大石油公司以外供应主体也在增多,而目前长输管道主要由三大石油公司建设,并由国家赋予专营权。为此,国家已经出台要求现有油气管道"非歧视准入"的办法。通过分析国外典型国家和地区现代天然气管道管理体制的理论与实践,总结我国天然气管道管理体制的现状与问题,提出构建"多元投资、独立监管、独立运营、公开准入"的现代天然气管道管理模式的基本设想。同时,要深刻认识到建立现代油气管道管理体制是一项复杂的系统工程,要坚持统筹兼顾、分步实施、持续推进的原则,争取3到5年达到初步目标。

In China, with the rapid growth of domestic gas demand, the amount of gas suppliers other than the three state-owned oil majors increases as well.But in reality, the long-distance gas pipelines are mainly built by the three state-owned oil majors and are operated under franchise awarded by the government. Therefore, the government has issued a method requiring ＂non-discriminatory access＂ for the existing oil and gas pipelines. By analyzing the theories and practices of modern gas pipeline management systems of some typical countries and areas and summarizing the status quo and problems of the gas pipeline management system in China, the paper raises a basic idea of ＂diversified investment, independent regulation, independent operation and open access＂ for framing a modern gas pipeline management pattern. At the same time, it is important to be prudently aware that building a modern oil and gas pipeline management system is a complicated system engineering, stepped implementation and continued advancement should be insisted to strive for reaching the preliminary targets within 3 to 5 years.