覆盖方式对马铃薯光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Covering Methods on Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Potato

以‘荷兰7号’马铃薯为材料,采用黑膜、白膜和草为覆盖物,开展不同覆盖组合比较试验,研究不同覆盖方式对马铃薯产量和光合特性的影响,以筛选出高产栽培的覆盖方式。结果表明,不同覆盖处理的马铃薯叶片叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量均高于对照,以"草+白"覆盖处理的含量最高;叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率均高于对照,以"草+白"覆盖处理最高,细胞间隙CO2浓度均低于对照;产量均高于对照,其中以"草+白"覆盖处理产量最高。相关性分析表明,鲜薯产量与叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率均呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与细胞间CO2浓度呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。综合相关指标来看,不同的覆盖组合表现有差异,其中以"草+白"覆盖处理的植株长势最强,产量最高,可以推广应用。

In the experiment,using transparent,black plastic film and grass as cover on potato （variety ‘ Netherlands No.7’） field,we compared the effects of differeut covering combinations on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and yield of potato in order to screen out the covering method for high yield.The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid,the net photosynthetic rate,the transpiration rate of leaves and the yield of potato covering different combinations were all higher than control,while intercellular CO2 concentration lower,among which ＂straw and transparent plastic film＂ covering treatment performed best.There was extremely significant positive correlation between yield of potato,and the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate of leaves （P 〈 0.01）.And there was significant positive correlation between yield of potato and intercellular CO2 concentration （P 〈0.05）.According to comprehensive related indicators,the leaf photosynthetic characteristics and yield of potato covering different combinations showed the difference,among which the plant of covering ＂straw and transparent plastic film＂ treatment showed strongest growth and highest yield,and could be popularized.