云南野生莲瓣兰资源研究进展和科研思考

Progresses and Research Suggestions of Wild Cymbidium tortisepalum in Yunnan Province

云南野生莲瓣兰主要分布于云南大理、怒江、保山、迪庆和丽江等州、市。由于莲瓣兰植株形态优美,花形多变,花色丰富,市场价格居高,莲瓣兰野生资源遭到了毁灭式的采挖,导致资源濒危。目前对莲瓣兰的研究主要集中在组织培养及共生菌、莲瓣兰的鉴赏和栽培技术、莲瓣兰形态特征的多样性和居群结构等方面。本文在总结现有研究成果的基础上,指出了莲瓣兰资源研究和利用方面存在的问题,提出了开展进一步研究的建议:(1)利用分子生物学技术开展莲瓣兰保护遗传学研究;(2)利用遗传学方法研究莲瓣兰主要特征特性的遗传规律;(3)利用生态学方法研究野生莲瓣兰的适应机理及环境响应策略;(4)开展育种理论和技术的研究。

Cymbidium tortisepalum are mainly distributed in Dali, Baoshan, Nujing, Diqing, Lijiang and so on, Yunnan Province. Wild resources of C. tortisepalum suffered destructive excavation for its graceful shape, abundance of color and high price, which caused the resources endangered. At pres- ent, the study on C. tortisepalum mainly concentrates in tissue culture and symbiotic fungus, apprecia- tion and cultivation techniques, diversity of morphological characteristics and minority populations structure. On the basis of summarizing the existing research results, we pointed out the existing prob- lems for resource studies and utilization of C. tortisepalum, and put forward some suggestions for the further research ： （ 1 ） Using molecular techniques to carry out the conservation genetics research of C. tortisepalum; （2） Using genetics methods to study C. tortisepalum genetic law of main characteris- tics; （3） Using ecological methods to study wild C. tortisepalum adaptation mechanism and environ- mental response strategies; （4） Carrying out research of breeding theory and technology.