广西油茶传粉昆虫多样性调查

Variety Investigation on Pollinating Insects of Sasanqua in Guangxi

在广西境内设5个油茶传粉昆虫观察标准地,在油茶开花期,定期对油茶传粉昆虫观察,采集与鉴定。共采集到有传粉作用的昆虫54种,主要为蜜蜂科、胡蜂科和食蚜蝇科的昆虫。经多样性分析发现,桂林油茶传粉昆虫群落与其它地区相似度低,桂林地区油茶传粉昆虫群落多样性较低,桂中南较高。通过观察发现,墨胸胡蜂、油茶地蜂和羽芒宽盾食蚜蝇是较好的油茶传粉昆虫,建议适量保留油茶林下开花植物和保护林区胡蜂,从而增加油茶传粉昆虫的种类和数量,提高油茶花期的授粉率,为油茶增产创造条件。

Setting 5 observation sample sites,pollinating insects of Sasanqua in Guangxi were observed, collected and identified regularly in the flowering period. 54 species were found,most of which were Apidae,Vespidae and Syrphidae. According to diversity analysis,it was found that similarity of pollinating insects communities in Guilin was low with other areas. The diversity of pollinating insects communities was lower in Guilin,which was higher in central and southern Guangxi. The better species were Vespa velutina nigrithorax（ Buysson）,Phytomia zonata（ Fabricius） and Andrena camellia（ Wu）. To increase the diversity of pollinating insects and pollination rate,thereby improve the yield of sasanqua,it was suggested to retain a certain amount of flowering plants under plants and protect Vespidae.