塔里木河流域水资源脆弱性演变趋势及适应性对策研究

Study on trends of water resources vulnerability and adaptive strategy in the Tarim River Basin

塔里木河流域受自然因素和人为因素的影响,局部地区生态退化严重。人类对水资源的不合理利用,加剧了水资源脆弱性的演变过程,影响了干旱区的生态安全。以塔里木河流域水资源脆弱性为主线,首先分析国内外水资源脆弱性研究进展,研究塔里木河流域从20世纪60年代至21世纪初水量和水质两个方面的源脆弱性成因和表现,并对其变化趋势进行了分析,提出了适应性对策。从分析结果来看,塔里木河流域经过近50年的变化,水量沿程逐渐锐减,造成了下游水量减少,地下水位逐渐减低,水质逐年恶化,引起了一系列生态环境问题。

The ecological environment degradation is very serious in some areas of Tarim River basin because of the influence of natural and artificial factors. The unreasonable utilization of water resources by human beings aggravated the evolution process of water resources vulnerability and affected the ecological security in arid zone. Taking water resources vulnerability as the main line,it systematically summarized the major progress of water resources vulnerability both at home and abroad,studied the manifestations and causes of water resources vulnerabilities form 1960s to the beginning of 21 century,and analyzed the variable trend of water resources vulnerability,and proposed adaptive countermeasure. From the analysis results,surface water and underground water is reduced,groundwater levels fells,water quality obviously worsen year by year through the change of 50 years in the basin,which caused a series of ecological environment problems.