农村赊欠及其市场、关系、文化嵌入性——基于安徽ZX镇绿园商店的个案解剖

Rural credit and its embeddedness in market, interpersonal relation and culture: A case study of Luyuan store in ZX town, Anhui province

赊欠交易在农村社会具有相当的普遍性。借鉴"嵌入性"理论,从社会学视角以"总体社会事实"的方法对安徽ZX镇绿园商店赊欠现象进行深入剖析。研究表明,农村赊欠紧密嵌入于农村市场、关系网络和赊欠文化之中。卖方市场向买方市场的市场转型诱使赊欠由"支配型"向"共谋型"转变;人际信任、信任差序格局和信誉再生产是赊欠运行的现实逻辑;"去耻辱感"、赊欠"善举"和象征资本的赊欠文化是赊欠成风的人文背景。赊欠在农村具有牢固的合法性和正当性的基础,需要淡化其"问题"的价值判断。

Rural credit is a common phenomenon in rural society. Referring the theory of embeddedness, using the method of ＂total social fact＂, this paper analyzes deeply the rural credit at Luyuan store, ZX town, Anhui province. The analyses results show that credit is closely embedded in the rural market, relationship network and credit culture. The transition from seller＇s market to the buyer＇s market made credit change from ＂controlling type＂ to ＂conspiracy type＂; Interpersonal trust, diversity-orderly structure and trust and credit reproduction are the realistic logic of credit operation; The credit culture of ＂de-sense of shame＂, credit ＂goodness＂ and symbol capital are the cultural background of the credit. Since credit in rural areas has a solid foundation of legality and rationality, it is necessary to soften its character of ＂problem＂.