3White B L,Fisher W D,Laurin C A.Rate of mortality for elderly patients after fracture of the hip in the 1980's[J].J Bone Joint Surg Am,1987,69(9):1335-1340.
4Liu Y,Tao R,Liu F,et al.Mid-term outcomes after intramedullary fixation of peritrochanteric femoral fractures using the new proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA)[J].Injury,2010,41:810-817.
5Pu JS,Liu L,Wang GL,et al.Results of the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) in elderly Chinese patients[J].Int Orthop,2009,33:1 441-1 444.
2Titiun Y,Eshkol Z,Horesh Z,et al.Operative mortality in surgery for hip fractures[ J].Harefuah.2000,139(1 -2):18 -22,79.
3Jain R,Basinski A,Kreder HJ.Nonoperative treatment of hip fraetures[J].Int Orthop.2003,27(1):11 -17.
4Matot I,Oppenheim-Eden A,Ratrot R.Preoperative cardiac events in elderly patients with hip fracture randomized to epidural or conventional analgesia[J].Anesthesiology,2003,1998 (1):156-163.
1Lenich A, Mayr E, Rtiter A, et al. First results with the trochanteric fixation nail (TFN) :A report on 120 cases [J]. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2006, 126(10) :706- 712.
2Piboulcau L, Boutron I, Rccvcs BC, et al. Applicability and generalisablity of published results of randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studics evaluating four orthopacdic procedures: methodological systematic review[ J]. BMJ ,2009, (339) :4538.
3Hwang JH, Garg AK, Oh JK, et al. A biomcchanical e- valuation of proximal femoral nail antirotation with re- spect to helical blade position in femoral head:A cada- veric study [ J ]. Indian J Orthop, 2012,46 ( 6 ) : 627-632.