棉花新恢复系64R的选育及遗传研究

Breeding and Genetic Analysis of Dichogamy Restorer Line Cotton 64R

选育出棉花海陆型恢复系64R,对其性状遗传规律进行了研究。结果表明,64R兼具母本陆地棉和父本海岛棉的特征,具有植株较矮,始果节位低,花大、黄花冠,铃小、衣分低,绒短,柱头外露和恢复性能好等特点。对64R测恢后代性状遗传分析表明,株高、衣分和铃质量为超显性遗传;始果节位、绒长和熟性为加性遗传;育性恢复性状由1对显性基因控制,柱头外露性状由1对隐性等位基因控制,且二者彼此独立,不存在连锁关系。研究认为,64R是一个新型恢复系,它的育成给棉花三系配套增添了新的恢复基因源,为棉花杂种优势利用奠定了基础。

A new restorer line of cotton 64R were bred and its features and genetic mechanism were studied.The results showed it has features of both upland cotton and seaisland cotton.It has many features like short plant height,short leg,big flower,yellow corolla,small bolls,low lint,short fiber length,exposed stigma and well restoring ability.According to the detection of F1,the inheritance of 64R＇s character were as fellows：plant height,lint and boll weight performed overdominance; node position,fiber length and maturits showed aditivity.Restore of its fertility was controlled by a pair of dominance allele,stigma exposing was controlled by a pair of recessive allele,and the two pairs of allele were not linked independent of each other.64R is a new restorer gene source,it will contribute to the breeding of perfect restorer lines with cotton,and bring breakthrough to utilization of heterosis for cotton.