赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区不同植被类型水源涵养服务特征

Water Conservation Services of Different Vegetation Types in the Saihan Ulla National Nature Reserve

通过测定内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区主要植被类型的土壤和凋落物的物理性质及持水量,研究不同植被类型的水源涵养服务。结果表明：①不同植被类型土壤物理性质各异,天然植被对土壤物理性质的改善作用强于人工植被。0～60 cm土层平均容重白桦林的最小,农田的最大;土壤最大持水量白桦林最高,线叶菊草原最低;土壤非毛管持水量白桦林最高,农田最低。②阴坡植被凋落物水源涵养能力高于阳坡植被,其中华北落叶松林凋落物水源涵养能力最强。③不同植被类型土壤、凋落物水源涵养服务不同。白桦林水源涵养量最高,显著高于线叶菊草原和农田,而与蒙古栎林、华北落叶松林、虎榛子灌丛及山杏灌丛的差异不显著。

We measured the physical properties of soil and litters and soil retention under seven main plant com- munities - Filifolium sibirica grassland, Betula platyphylla forest, Quercus mongolica forest, Larix pricepis-ruprechtii forest, Ostryopsis davidiana forest, Prunus sibirica forest, and to assess water conservation efficiency of these communities. fanning in the Saihan Ulla National Nature Reserve Our results were summarized as follows： （1） Soil physical properties were significantly different among the communities, and the water conserving capability of land natural vegetation was higher than that with artificial vegetation. The was the highest in cropland but the lowest in Betula platyphylla forest, average bulk density of topsoil （0 -60 The maximum soil retention was the with cm） highest in Betula platyphylla forest but the lowest in Filifolium sibirica grassland. The non-capillary capacity of soil was also the highest in Betula platyphyUa forest but the lowest in cropland ; （2） Water conservation potential of soil litters un- der plant communities growing on shady slope was higher than that on sunny slope. It was consistently the highest in Larix princepis-ruprechtii forest; （3） Water conservation efficiency of soil and litters was different among plant communities, and it was the highest in Betula platyphylla forest.