乡村居民肥胖诊断指标间的关系及增龄变化规律研究

On Relationship among Indexes of Obesity Diagnosis of Rural Residents and the Change Rule of Aging

目的明确乡村居民肥胖诊断指标间关系及增龄变化规律,为进一步预防和控制肥胖与国民科学健身提供科学依据。方法受试者为北京市郊区乡村常住居民。首先,用BCAⅡ体成分仪与DEXA测定134人的体成分。然后,整群随机抽取18-76岁乡村居民有效样本6 256人,采集身高、体质量、腰围（WC）、臀围（HC）、体成分,并计算体质指数（BMI）与腰臀比（WHR）。结果 BCAⅡ与DEXA测量结果有较好的一致性。男性BMI、WC、WHR、FM%与其肥胖检出率均在30-39岁时最大;女性BMI、WC、FM%与其肥胖检出率30-69岁时呈升高趋势,60-69岁时最大,WHR与其肥胖检出率70-76岁时最大。18-76岁男性与50岁之后女性,均以BMI与WC的相关系数最高;WHR对预测FM%的贡献较小,BMI、性别、年龄等变量预测FM%时能解释的变差比例为83.7%。结论乡村居民男性肥胖症发病年龄呈现年轻化趋势,过早地（30-39岁）出现中心性肥胖;女性早期（18-49岁）为均匀性脂肪分布,50岁之后腹型肥胖明显。FM%与WHR结合使用,能更准确地诊断因体脂含量过多或分布异常造成的肥胖症。

Objective The purpose of the present study is to identify the relationship among obesity diagnosis indexes of rural residents and change rule of aging,and provide a referred basis for the obesity prevention,obesity control,and national scientific body buliding. Methods 134 adults were selected conditionally,their body composition was estimated concurrently by bioelectrical impedance analysis device（ BCAⅡ） and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry（ DEXA）. A valid sample of 6256 Beijing rural residents was drawn by the method of cluster sampling. Height,weight,waist circumference（ WC）,hip circumference（ HC） and body composition were measured. Body mass index（ BMI） and waist to hip ratio（ WHR） were calculated. ResultsThe measurements estimated by BCAⅡ and DEXA had a good consistence. The male BMI,WC,WHR,FM% and their detection rate of obesity appeared maximum at 30 - 39 age. The female had an increasing trend at 30 - 69 age for BMI、WC、FM% and detection rate of obesity. These indexes reached maximum at 60 - 69 age. The female WHR and the detection rate of obesity attained peak value at 70 - 76 age. The correlation coefficients of BMI and WC were the highest for the male aged 18-76 and the female aged more than 50. WHR has a smaller contribution for forecasting FM%. BMI,sex and age as three independent variables for predicting FM%,the variation ration achieved 83. 7% which was explained by the equation. Conclusion The age of obesity for the male rural residents become younger,prematurely（ 30 - 39 years old） appears central obesity. Women＇s fat distributes evenly at early-stage（ 18 - 49 years old）,abdominal obesity becomes obvious after the age of 50. With the combination of FM% and WHR,obesity caused by excessive body fat or abnormal body fat distribution can be diagnosed more accurately.