网球运动员预测线路与落点的视觉搜索特征

Visual Search Features of Tennis Players in the Process of Perceptual Anticipation

以不同等级网球选手为研究对象,记录被试在多拍回合中判断击球线路和落点时的视觉搜索特征。结果显示:不同水平网球选手的视觉搜索策略存在差异,在判断线路和落点的过程中,对手下肢运动趋势是高水平网球选手关注的重点区域;且高水平网球选手对关键兴趣区域的总注视持续时间最长,注视点较稳定,视觉搜索策略能随任务目标的不同快速变化。视觉搜索特征显示,高水平选手是通过提取一系列可利用的预期信息源、强化对关键信息的精细加工、忽略无关信息,减少了内部反应的延迟和加工信息的总量,以此达到了最优化的决策策略。

In this study,different levels of tennis players were seclected as the research object,their visual search features then being recorded when they viewing video clips of tennis match. The results show that differences exist among levels. The opponent＇s movement trend was the key area where high level tennis player focused in the process of anticipating. The total visit duration to key areas of interest was the longest,and fixation more stable in high-level tennis players＇ than other players. According to the characteristics above,we demonstrated that high level athletes＇ the optimal decision strategy is achieved by extracting a series of available information sources,strengthening the fine processing of key information,ignoring irrelevant information,reducing the internal response latency.