基于商业信用和回购契约的供应链最优化策略研究

Supply Chain Coordination Model with Trade Credit and Buyback Contracts

本文考虑由单一供应商和零售商组成的供应链系统,当供应商为零售商提供回购契约,同时零售商又为下游顾客提供商业信用契约时,供应商如何设计回购契约来有效协调整个供应链,以及零售商又如何借助回购和商业信用契约来做出自身最优订货策略问题,并建立了相应的决策模型。通过模型分析,给出了供应商和零售商在四种情形下的最优契约设计参数,以及零售商的最优订货决策。研究发现,当满足一定的参数范围时,供应链中两主体同时采用协调契约能够更加有效地增加整个供应链中的订货量和利润,为各主体创造更多新的价值。最后,本文结合数值例子,分析了模型参数变化对最优订货策略和各主体利润的影响。

The paper considers a supply chain that consists of a supplier and a retailer,who sells a single product to the customers over a short selling season. In this paper,we mainly research how the retailer uses the trade credit to entice customers to increase their ordering quantity and how the supplier designs the buyback contract so as to maximize his / her own expected profit with different perspective. Solving the models,we have got the optimal solutions that can make the total profit reach the maximum and obtain some effective theorems. Finally,we provide a detailed numerical example to illustrate the model and some meaningful management implications.