土地利用变化对生态服务价值的影响研究——以北京市为例

Impacts of Land Use Changing on Ecosystem Service Value——Taking Beijing City as an Example

以单一土地利用动态度、土地利用程度、敏感性分析的方法,在对土地利用变化以及生态系统服务功能理论研究的基础上,对北京市生态系统服务价值进行了定量研究,从而揭示出土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响规律。研究表明,1990～2008年北京市土地利用的生态系统服务价值总体呈下降趋势,由1990年的381.59×10^4万元减少到2008年的374.15×10^4万元,减少了7.44×10^4万元,土地利用中林地所占比重较大,耕地和建设用地变化明显,其中耕地的减少幅度最大,减少了1 436.15 km2,建设用地增长幅度较大,增加了1 339.85 km2,北京市土地利用结构的变化导致了北京市生态系统服务价值量的减少。同时,北京市各生态系统服务价值系数的敏感性均小于1,证明北京市生态系统服务价值对生态服务价值系数是缺乏弹性的,研究结果的可信度较高。

To investigate the impacts of land use changing on ecosystem service value, a quantitative study of land use changing and ecosystem service value in Beijing city based on the theory of land use and ecosystem service value was made. Methods of the single land use dynamic degree, land use degree and sensitivity analysis were used. The results showed that the total ecosystem service value of land use in Beijing city from 1990 to 2008 was on a declining curve, decreasing from 381.59×10^4Yuan in 1990 to 374.15×10^4Yuan. Forest land had a big proportion in the land use of Beijing. Cultivated land and construction land changed obviously. Cultivated land reduced the largest amount of land by 1436.15 km2. Construction land increased the largest amount of land by 1339.85 km2. The land use structure changed in Beijing led to the reduction of the ecosystem service value in Beijing. All the coefficients of sensitivity were less than 1. It is indicated that coefficients of sensitivity（CS） of ecosystem service value was inelastic. The results of this study had a high reliability.