北斗一号卫星导航定位系统在抛弃式海洋移动观测平台的应用

The Application of the BEIDOU-1 Navigation and Positioning Satellite System in Expendable and Mobile Platforms for Marine Observation

作为抛弃式海洋移动观测平台,自持式剖面探测漂流浮标和海表面漂流浮标已经为国际上大量使用,该两类平台一般采用Argos卫星系统定位和传输数据。随着我国具有全部自主知识产权的北斗系统的逐步完善和发展及通信单元的小型化和低功耗化,北斗系统取代Argos系统,成为两类平台的数据传输和定位手段成为可能。文章简要介绍了自持式剖面探测漂流浮标和海表面漂流浮标的技术发展及我国北斗系统的发展情况,重点介绍了具有全部自主知识产权的采用北斗系统的C-Argo浮标和海表面漂流浮标的研制和应用情况。

The ARGO profiling float and the surface drifter have been widely used as expendable and mobile platforms for marine observation across the world. Traditionally, the Argos satellite system is used on these 2 kinds of platforms for positioning and data transfer. However, with the development of the BEIDOU system characterized by China＇s independent intellectual property rights and the application of the compact communication module featured by low power consumption, it is possible for the BEIDOU system to replace the Argos system and serve as a means of data transfer and positioning for the 2 platforms. This paper briefly introduces the technological progress of the ARGO profiling float and the surface drifter, as well as the development status of China＇s BEIDOU system. Especially, this paper focuses on the development and application of the C-ARGO float and the surface drifter, which both adopt the BEIDOU system and own independent intellectual property rights.