引起柑橘果面伤痕的蓟马种类及其发生规律

Species of thrips causing citrus fruit surface scars and its occurrence regularity

为提高柑橘品质,2011年在中国江西省南部地区各县柑橘主产区及赣南柑橘研究所试验基地,调查引起果面伤痕的蓟马种类,根据形态特征共鉴定了11种,主要种类有八节黄蓟马Thrips flavidulus(Bagnall)、棕榈蓟马Thrips palmi Karny和茶黄蓟马Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood,分别占53.25%、18.46%、15.46%,其中为害幼果并引起柑橘果面伤痕的蓟马种类主要是八节黄蓟马。调查发现八节黄蓟马在土壤中越冬,在柑橘花期、幼果期蓟马数量达到顶峰,取食产卵为害花瓣、幼果部位,随着果实膨大,在果蒂周围形成银灰色疤痕。

In order to improve the quality of citrus fruit,the thrips species which causes citrus fruit scarring investigated in the main citrus producing areas of each county and the test base of Institute of Citrus Science Research in Gannan,Jiangxi Province,China.The results showed that there are 11species of thrips in citrus orchards in southern Jiangxi.The major species were Thrips flavidulus（Bagnall）,Thrips palmi Karny and Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood,whose occurrence percentage was 53.25%, 18.46%,and 15.46%in 2011respectively.Among them,T.flavidulus is the main species that can damage young fruits and results in scars on the surface of the fruits.The survey found that T.flavidulus live through the winter in soil.They peak in citrus orchards during the main flowering and young fruits period,feeding and ovipositing on citrus petal and young fruits.The characteristic sliver grey and ring-shaped scars were formed around the stem end of the fruit with the fruit′s growth.