水溶性的抗菌小麦醇溶蛋白纳米粒子构建及性能研究

Fabrication and Characterization of Water-soluble Antimicrobial Gliadin Nanoparticles

本研究围绕小麦醇溶蛋白（gliadin）自组装展开,以NaCas作为稳定剂利用水相反溶剂过程中gliadin与thymol共组装构建水溶性的抗菌gliadin/NaCas胶体粒子。利用纳米粒度仪、扫描电镜等技术手段表征纳米粒子的形貌、尺度,并研究了thymol的释放动力学及纳米粒子的持续抗菌性能。Gliadin/NaCas胶体粒子是纳米尺度的球形颗粒,尺度均一（PDI=0.31）。此类纳米粒子具有良好的水溶性及冻干复溶性,荷载疏水类抗菌剂（thymol）不影响胶体粒子的复溶性能。Gliadin/NaCas胶体粒子具有很强的荷载和控释能力,thymol与gliadin比例介于1：10～3：4时胶体粒子的尺度仅略有增加（从约270 nm增加至约300 nm）,thymol的包封率高达96%;经过7 d释放,仅释放约30%的thymol。Gliadin/NaCas纳米粒子在模拟食品体系中具有持续抗菌能力。本研究为功能性抗菌食品配料的研制提供全新的技术解决手段。

The objective of this work is to fabricate water-soluble and antimicrobial gliadin nanoparticles stabilized by sodium caseinate（NaCas） via the synchronous-assembly process of thymol and gliadin during the anti-solvent approach.Morphological attributes,particle size,antimicrobial properties as well as release profiles of thymol-loaded nanoparticles were investigated.The gliadin/NaCas nanoparticles were spherical in shape and uniform with PDI value of 0.31,possessing the water-solubility and re-dispersibility after freeze-drying.Thymol loading resulted in a slight increase in particle size from ～ 270 nm to ～300 nm at the thymol-to-gliadin ratios of 1：10～3：4,but did not affect the re-dispersibility of the nanoparticles.Morover,these nanoparticles had strong encapsulation capacity,and the encapsulation efficiency（EE） of thymol was as high as 96%.The nanoparticles sustained the release of thymol,and the accumulative release after 7 day was about 30%.These nanoparticles were also effective in delaying the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in M-H broth at 37 ℃.This work opens a promising pathway for the manufacture of water-soluble vehicle for antimicrobials to design novel antimicrobial food formulation.