基于GIS的青海省太阳辐射空间格局模拟研究

GIS-Based Simulation of Solar Radiation Spatial Pattern in Qinghai

以天文辐射理论为基础,应用以地形为特征的DEM高程模型,通过对天文辐射、大气透射率的计算,构建了青海高原月、年太阳总辐射估算模型,模拟效果较好;同时,应用模型模拟青海省近30年(1971—2000年)的月、年平均太阳总辐射.结果表明:青海省太阳总辐射年平均值为6 771.95MJ/m2,且空间格局呈现从西北到东南逐步减少的趋势;月太阳总辐射呈现明显的季节性变化,且空间格局和年太阳总辐射基本一致.从1月份开始太阳总辐射增加,到5月份达到最高值717.24MJ/m2,6月份降低为695.48MJ/m2,7月份又达到次高值701.96MJ/m2,从8月份开始持续减少,直至12月份降到最低值352.63MJ/m2.

Based on the astronomical radiation theory,the DEM elevation model of terrain features was used and extraterrestrial solar radiation and atmospheric transmittance were calculated to build the global solar radiation estimation model of Qinghai Plateau, which was then applied to simulate the annual and monthly average total solar radiation of the past 30 years （1971--2000） of Qinghai Province. The results show that the annual mean of total solar radiation is 6 771.95 MJ/m2 ,and the spatial pattern indicates a trend of decreasing from the northwest to the southeast in the province, the monthly global solar radiation showed an obvious seasonal variation and its spatial pattern and that of the annual total solar radiation are basically consistent. The global solar radiation begins to increase from January, and reaches the highest value of 717.24 MJ/m2 in May, reduces to 695. 48 MJ/m2 in June and reaches the second highest value of 701.96 MJ/m2 in July, and then continues to decrease from August and drops to the lowest values of 352.63 MJ/m2 in December.