农村老年人养老模式选择意愿的影响因素分析

Analysis of Factors Affecting Choosing Will of Pension Modes of the Rural Elderly

在农村养老模式多样化背景下,农村老年人基于哪些因素选择与之相适应的养老模式?文章通过全国东、中、西部9省千户调查,实证分析了农村"养老模式"效用最大化下的选择意愿。结果显示:个体特征、家庭状况、经济状况和养老风险意识等因素影响农村老年人养老模式的选择意愿。实证模型给出了自我养老/家庭养老与社会养老/家庭养老两种模式的对比选择,探究农村老年人对目前主要的三种养老模式的需求位序。自我养老、家庭养老和社会养老模式应该具有不同的政策安排框架,三种模式相互兼容,共同发展。

In the context of diversified rural pension modes, what factors determine the choosing will of pension mode of the rural elderly？ This paper investigates thousands of households in nine provinces in the eastern, middle and western areas of China, and empirically analyzes the selection will of pension mode of the rural elderly based on utility maximization. The results show that, individual characteristics, family status, economic status and pension risk awareness affect the choice of the rural elderly. The paper also makes a comparison between self pension and family pension as well as between social pension and family pension, and it explores the preference of pension mode choice of the rural elderly. The results suggest that： there should be different arrangement in policy in terms of self pension, family pension and social pension;and the three pension modes should be made compatibility and be promoted together.