冷轧板孔洞类缺陷成因分析及研究

Cause Analysis and Study on Hole Defects of Cold-rolled Sheets

采用SEM及EDS能谱仪等试验手段,对冷轧生产中出现的孔洞缺陷及其成因和影响因素进行分析研究,针对不同类型的孔洞缺陷提出了相应的工艺改进措施。结果表明:产生孔洞缺陷的原因主要有夹杂类、异物压入、轧辊异常等类型,其中,以夹杂类为主,其特征为撕裂状韧窝状断口,或呈月牙形,在钢板的正反面尺寸差异不大,主要与炼钢工艺有关;异物压入类缺陷特征有明显的机械划痕或压痕,断口较光滑,正反面尺寸不等,主要与热轧工艺和冷连轧工艺有关;轧辊异常类缺陷特征为等距离周期性的孔洞,主要与轧辊磨损和老化有关。并针对不同类型的孔洞缺陷提出了相应的工艺改进措施。

The causes and influencing factors of hole defects emerging in cold rolling process were analyzed by means of SEM and EDS. The result shows that the causes of holes defects include inclusions（ the main cause） , impressed foreign matters, and roll abnormity etc. The hole defects caused by inclusions are characterized by lacerated or dimpled fracture, or crescent-shaped appearance, and show little size difference on both sides of steel plates, their formation is mainly connected with steelmaking process. The hole defects caused by impressed foreign matters are characterized by noticeable mechanical scratches or indentations, and those defects with smooth fracture have different sizes in the two sides of plates, their formation is mainly connected with hot rolling and cold rolling processes. The hole defects caused by roll abnormity are characterized by equidistant regular holes, and their formation is mainly connected with roll abrasion and aging. According to characteristics of different types of hole defects, corresponding improvement measures have been put forward.