中国民间竹编斗笠的设计特征探析

Study of Characteristics of Chinese Folk Bamboo Hats Design

斗笠是中国民间古老的遮阳避雨用竹编工具,中国传统斗笠经历了先秦的雏形期,汉唐的发展期,宋元的成熟期,明清的鼎盛期,民国的兴盛期至建国以来的繁荣、衰败期。主要介绍了防水防晒类斗笠,礼仪象征类斗笠和装饰工艺类斗笠,并依据长江流域竹编斗笠的共性,分析了斗笠的备料、编织、组装、上油、固色等五个工艺步骤。最后从设计的角度,总结了斗笠的简洁大气,圆满对称的形态美;师法自然,生态环保的材料美;篾路细腻,色彩丰富的装饰美;器以致用,一物多能的功能美。

As an archaic tool for shade shelter from the rain in ancient China＇s folk society, the bamboo hats had experienced boom and burst. The typical bamboo hats such as waterproof and sunscreen hats, ceremonial symbol hats and decorative craft hats were introduced in the paper. Based on the common characteristics of bamboo hats of the Yangtze River basin, the five processing steps of preparation, weaving, assembling, oiling and fixing were analyzed. Finally, the paper summed up the characteristics of bamboo hats in morphology, material, decoration and function from the design perspective.