小麦D型细胞质雄性不育系和保持系小孢子发育的超微结构观察

Ultra-structural Observations on the Microsporogenesis in D-type CMS Line of Wheat and Its Maintainer-line

对小麦Ｄ型细胞质雄性不育系和保持系小孢子发育的超微结构观察发现，Ｄ型不育系小孢子 在“小液泡期”即表现出败育迹象．花粉败育过程中，小孢子液泡膜和细胞质膜断裂破碎，细胞质解体， 线粒体、质体、内质网等细胞器解体或退化，绒毡层持续不解体，并缺少乌氏体的分泌。小孢子细胞解 体顺序为：细胞膜首先断裂，细胞质分解变稀薄，然后是核膜断裂，细胞核降解，细胞质及细胞核降解 物质充满整个药室，最后核仁解体。

Through ultra-structure observation, it was found that the microspore of D-type cms line began to abort in 'small vacuole' stage. During the abortion period of the cms line, the vacuolar membrane and cell membrane of microspore dissolved, cytoplasm degenerated, the cell organelles such as mitochondria, plastid and endoplasmic reticulum became degenerated and disorganized. The disintegration of tapetal cell was relayed, the inner wall of tapetal cell secreted fewer Ubish bodies. The disorganizing sequence of microspore is as follow: firstly, cell membrane dissolved, cytoplasm degenerated and became thiner; then, nuclear membrane dissolved, nuclear degenerated, and the last was nucleolus. The dissolved material of cytoplasm and nuclear filled with the whole pollen cell.