广西美沙酮门诊患者生命质量现况研究

A Cross-Sectional Study on Quality of Life of Outpatients Visiting Methadone Clinics in Guangxi

目的了解美沙酮维持治疗患者的生命质量现状和探讨相关的影响因素。方法采用自填式调查问卷方式,运用《药物成瘾者生命质量测定量表》,对670例患者的一般情况及生命质量进行调查。结果男女身体功能、戒断症状、生命质量总分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;女性心理功能、社会功能评分均明显高于男性（P〈0.05）;汉族患者身体功能、戒断症状、生命质量总分明显低于少数民族（P〈0.05）;两组心理功能、社会功能评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;有工作的患者身体功能、心理功能、社会功能、戒断症状、生命质量总分均明显低于无工作患者（P〈0.05）;无婚姻的患者明显低于有婚姻者（P〈0.05）;月收入〈100元、月收入100-499者明显低于月收入500-999元、≥1 000元者（P〈0.05）。结论民族、有无婚姻、有无工作和月收入水平高低可能是美沙酮门诊患者生命质量的影响因素。

Objective To explore the quality of life of patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment and its related influencing factors. Methods A self-administered questionnaire and the quality of life scale for drug addicts were used in the field investigation on the subjects＇ demographic characteristics and quality of life among 670patients. Results The total scores of physiological function,withdrawal syndrome,quality of life showed no significant difference between the male and the female（ P〉0. 05）,and the scores of psychological and social functions of the female were significantly higher than those of the male（ P〈0. 05）. The total scores of physiological function,withdrawal syndrome,quality of life of Han patients were significantly lower than those of minority patients（ P〈0. 05）,there was no significant difference in the scores of psychological and social functions between Han patients and minority patients（ P〉0.05）. The total scores of physiological,psychological and social functions,withdrawal syndrome,quality of life of employment patients were significantly lower than those of unemployment patients（ P〈0. 05）,which were significantly lower in the unmarried patients in contrast with those in the married patients（ P〈0. 05）. The total scores of physiological,psychological and social functions,withdrawal syndrome,quality of life were significantly lower in patients with monthly earnings（ Yuan） 100 or ranged from 100 to 499 in contrast with those in patients with monthly earnings（ Yuan） ranged from 500 to 999 or ≥1 000（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Nationality,marital status,employment and monthly earnings might be the influencing factors for quality of life of patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment in clinics.