基于ITS基因文库法研究清香型大曲真菌群落结构

Analysis of Fungal Community Structure in Qingxiang Daqu Based on ITS Gene Clone Libraries

通过构建真菌ITS基因文库、测序和系统发育树分析,分别对汾酒清茬曲、后火曲和红心曲的真菌群落结构进行了比较。研究结果表明,汾酒大曲内的真菌全部分属于酵母目和毛霉菌目,且3种大曲的真菌群落结构存在明显差异,其中清茬曲的优势真菌为毕赤酵母属和根霉属(占全部克隆子的比例分别是66.7%和30%);后火曲的优势真菌为毕赤酵母属(占全部克隆子的比例是80.24%);红心曲的优势真菌为根霉属和横梗霉属(占全部克隆子的比例分别是38.89%和33.33%)。

Tbe fungal community structures of three kinds of Fenjiu Daqu （low-temperature Daqu （Qincha Daqu）,high-temperature Daqu （Houhuo Daqu） and medium-temperature Daqu （Hongxin Daqu）） were compared through the construction of fungus ITS gene clone libraries,sequencing and the analysis ofphylogenetic trees.The results showed that,the fungi in Fenjiu Daqu were totally distributed in Saccharomycetes and Mucorales,and there was significant difference in fungal community structure among the three kinds ofDaqu,Pichia and Rhizopus were the dominant fungi in Qingcha Daqu （their ratio accounted for 66.7 ％ and 30 ％ separately oftotal clones）,Pichia was the dominant fungus in Houhuo Daqu （its ratio accounted for 80.24 ％ of total clones）,and Rhizopus and Lichtheimia were the dominant fungi in Hongxin Daqu （their ratio accounted for 38.89 ％ and 33.3 ％ separately of total clones）.