生命周期能值分析法与生物质能源研究

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND EMERGY ANALYSIS ON BIOMASS ENERGY

该文以现有研究文献为基础,对生物质能源的能值分析、生命周期评价和生命周期能值分析研究现状进行了综述,所涉及的生物质能源产品包括生物质厌氧发酵产品(沼气)、生物质气化燃气、生物质发电、生物质致密成型燃料、燃料乙醇、生物柴油等。能值分析方法在生物质能源系统的应用主要体现在对其能源效率、环境效率和可持续性等方面的评价;生命周期评价在生物质能源系统的实证研究主要包括对系统生命周期内的能量投入、产出以及环境排放和经济性等方面的分析和评价。结果表明,在国内外生物质能源研究方面,单一的能值分析和生命周期评价都取得较丰硕的研究成果,所涉及的生物质能源类别也较为全面。但生命周期评价与能值分析相结合的研究还较为薄弱。最后提出了进一步完善生物质能源能值分析及其生命周期评价的建议。

This paper, based on the current researches, summarized the research progress of emergy analysis, life cycle assessment, and the emergy analysis of life cycle in evaluating biomass energy. The biomass energy referred to biomass anaerobic fermentation product （biogas）, biomass gasification gas, biomass power generation, biomass briquette fuel, biomass ethanol, biodiesel, and so on. The method of energy analysis in the application of biomass energy system mainly reflected the energy efficiency and environment efficiency evaluation. The empirical research of life cycle assessment on biomass energy system mainly reflected energy input - output analysis, economic and en- vironmental analysis, as well as emissions reduction. The results showed that the single energy analysis and life cy- cle assessment had got fruitful achievements at home and abroad. The research field had covered various kinds of biomass energy production. However, the research on combination of life cycle assessment and energy analysis in biomass energy evaluation was relatively weak. At last, some suggestions were put forward to improve the combina- tion of both methods （life cycle assessment and energy analysis） in biomass energy evaluation.