特应性斑贴试验在检测特应性皮炎过敏原中的应用研究

Application of Atopy Patch Test in the Detection of Allergens of Atopic Dermatitis

目的探讨特应性斑贴试验用于特应性皮炎过敏原检测(APT)的临床意义。方法选取2010年5月至2012年7月间于我院皮肤科门诊诊治的特应性皮炎患者92例,采用特应性斑贴试验进行过敏原检测,对比分析其与SPT、sIgE检测的临床效果。结果在选取的5种常见吸入性过敏原中,户尘螨和粉尘螨的阳性检出率最高(分别为25.00%、29.35%),均低于SPT和sIgE检测,但对于食入性过敏原APT阳性率较其他两种检测方法的阳性率显著升高;对于吸入性过敏原APT检测的特异性均较高,但敏感度较低;而SPT诊断结果显示,除蟑螂外其特异度均达到90%以上,且敏感度也较高。结论对于吸入性过敏原,APT诊断具有较高的特异度,但敏感性较差;但对于食入性过敏原的检测上,APT具有更好的临床效果。

Objective To explore the clinical significance of atopy patch test（APT） in the detection of allergens of atopic dermatitis（AD）. Methods 92 patients with atopic dermatitis treated in our hospital from May 2010 to July 2012 were selected. All cases received allergen detection by atopy patch test. The detection results were compared with the results of SPT and sIgE. Results The positive rate of dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dermatophagoides farinae of APT was 25.00% and 29.35% respectively, lower than the results of SPT and sIgE detection. The positive rate of ingestive allergen of APT was higher than that of SPT and sIgE. For inhalational allergen, APT had high specificity but low sensitivity; the specificity of SPT was over 90% in addition to the cockroach, and SPT had high sensitivity.Conclusions For inhalational allergen, APT has high specificity but low sensitivity; for ingestive allergen, APT has better detection effect.