宋代诗话家对杜甫诗歌经典化路径的拓展

On the Development of Classicalization Path of Du Fu's Poems Made by Poetry Critics in Song Dynasty

中国古代诗话具有开辟和拓展文学经典化路径的重要功能。有宋一代,品评杜诗成为一种主流学术传统,文人士大夫以"诗话"为载体,论说老杜人品,漫谈读杜感悟,撷取杜诗精华,交流学杜心得,对于提高士人群体感知和欣赏杜诗的整体水平,加速杜诗经典化历史进程,发挥了积极作用。宋代诗学家通过多种努力,例如强调杜诗为唐诗"第一"的卓越成就,推崇杜甫为诗中圣人,对其艺术特色进行细致而精妙的评点,确立了杜诗在中国诗歌史上的经典地位。

Chinese ancient notes on poets and poetry play an important role in starting and developing path of theliterature classicalization. In Song dynasty, appreciating the poems of Du Fu became the mainstream academic tra-dition. By means of the carrier for notes on poets and poetry, the literati commented on his personality, had informaldiscussion about reading his poems, absorded the esseace of his poems and shared their experience in learning DuFu＇s poems, which played an active role in raising the group aweareness of literati and the overall level of apprreci-ating Du Fu＇s poems and the classicalization of Du Fu＇s poems. In Song dynasty the poetry critics made great effortto establish Du Fu＇s poems the classic status in Chinese poetry history by emphasizing Du Fu＇s achievement as thefirst of poetry of Tang dynasty, admiring him as a poetry saint and giving detailed and subtle comment on his artisticfeatures.