明宣宗弊政及对后期政局的影响

Ming Emperor Xuande's Misrule and Its influences on the Political Situation

明宣宗是一位颇有作为的封建帝王,史学界历来对他评价很高。他在位期间,实行德政治国,任用贤臣,爱惜民力,重视农业生产,使国力进一步强大,实现了具有重要意义的"仁宣之治"。但是,其执政期间也并非毫无弊端。由于明宣宗重用宦官,过度崇奉佛教,沉迷于宫廷娱乐等,不仅为明代中后期的太监专权埋下隐患,而且耗费了大量人力物力,从而加速了明王朝由盛转衰的历史进程。

Ming emperor Xuande had major attainments in the history as the feudal ruler. Historians always speakvery highly of him. During his reign, he administered the country through implementation of benevolent rule andappointing wise and able officials, cherishing the financial resoureesof the people and paying attention to agricultur-al production to make the country more powerful and finally relized significant ＂Rule of Ren and Xuan＂. However,his administration presented some drawbacks. Because he put eunuches in an important position, excessively wor-shiped Buddhism and indulged in the court entertainment. He not only brought about the hidden trouble of eunuchmonopolizing power in the late Ming dynasty, but spent a lot of manpower and material resources, accelerating thehistorical process of the Ming dynasty from prosperity to decline.