荷兰战后移民及其影响

Postwar Immigration and Its Influence in Dutch

战后非殖民化运动导致印度尼西亚和苏里南大量人口移居荷兰;20世纪50年代中期开始到70年代初,荷兰从地中海沿岸国家输入大量劳工,随后劳工移民带来大量家庭移民;80年代中期以后,难民以及寻求庇护者纷纷进入荷兰,成为荷兰移民的重要部分。随着类型多样、来源广泛的移民不断进入,荷兰的人口结构发生重大改变,大量外来移民的存在,尤其大量穆斯林人口的存在,成为荷兰社会面临的重要问题。

Postwar immigration has three main sources in Dutch. First, the decolonization of Indonesia and Surinam gen-erated sizeable immigration flows which was concentrated in 1949 - 1957 for the former and peaking in 1975 and 1979 -1980 for the latter. Second, the post-war economic growth attracted guest workers from Mediterranean countries. Third,flows of applicants for refugee status became sizable after the mid-1980s. Dutch postwar immigrations are made up ofthree types and come from all over the world. The presence of large postwar immigration has made Dutch as a multicul-tural society, how to deal with multicultural population, especially large Muslim, is a serious challenge.