压裂液摩阻影响因素分析

Fracturing fluid friction factor analysis

随着高压、超深或致密油气藏的压裂改造,及页岩气井大规模压裂(排量甚至达到20 m3以上),在已确定的管柱和排量下,如何降低管柱内的摩阻损失已成为一项重要的研究内容。室内用管道流动仪通过改变实验条件来确定不同因素对压裂液摩阻的影响,研究发现0.05%HPG和BHP-2相比,大分子量的BHP-2表现出更低的摩阻趋势;在低剪切速率时,摩阻随着HPG加入浓度的增高而增大,在高剪切速率时,高浓度的HPG所产生的摩阻有低于低浓度HPG的趋势;KCl的加入,低剪切速率下比所产生的摩阻要大,而且随着剪切速率的增加所产生的摩阻也有降低趋势;随着pH增大,体系摩阻有降低趋势,并且pH越大,摩阻降低幅度也越大;随着温度的升高,体系摩阻有所降低;纤维的加入,摩阻有明显下降。因此现场施工时可通过控制此类因素,将压裂液在管柱中流动时产生的摩阻降至最低,从而有效降低所需水功率,以达到满足现场压裂施工的目的。

With high pressure, ultra-deep or dense hydrocarbon reservoir fracturing, large- scale fracturing and shale gas well （the displacement of even more than 20 m3）. In the col- umn and displacement have been identified, how to reduce the friction loss within the col- umn has become an important research content. Indoor pipe flow instrument by changing the experimental conditions to determine the impact of different factors on the linear gel fractur- ing fluid friction, the researchers found that 0.05 % of HPG and BHP-2, high molecular weight BHP-2 showed a lower friction trends, in the low shear rate, the friction with HPG to join the increasing concentration increases, the friction generated by the high concentration of HPG in the high shear rate, lower than the low concentration of HPG, KC1 by adding low shear rate than that generated by the friction should be large, and the friction arising with increasing shear rate tended to decrease, system friction decreased as the pH increases, and the pH the greater the the greater the friction decreased; system friction decreased with in-creasing temperature, fiber, friction decreased. So we will control such factors on-site con- struction, the friction generated in the fracturing fluid in the column flow to a minimum, thus effectively reducing the required water horsepower to meet the purpose of the site fracturing.