谢赫“六法”生态浅析

Implications of Xie He's “Six Principles in Painting”

历代都对"六法"多有阐发,"六法"之新解也随时代不同而出现新的内涵。画家创作时的激情、情操和美感等象"镜像"关系一样,传移模写到画面中去。气韵生动的绘画作品往往不是"定态",而是对应于一种高能量的"过渡态"。笔者通过创作实践的感悟,将上古的结绳与人的手部的骨杆和骨结等与骨法用笔相关联,提出了骨结与骨结密度的观念,将骨架、骨气(骨势)、骨质、骨力、骨肉、骨韵和骨结视为骨法用笔的具体内容。以"六法"为纲,提出陶瓷美术理论体系涵盖的内容主要为陶瓷绘画美学、陶瓷绘画材料学及工艺学、陶瓷绘画形象学、笔法学、色彩学、构图学、创作心理学、品鉴学等以及相关的交叉科学,强调所构建的陶瓷美术理论体系不仅是涵盖相关陶瓷美术知识的科学理论体系,而且是关于陶瓷美术的智慧层面的科学理论体系。

Xie He＇s ＂Six Principles in Painting＂ were explicated in the past dynasties,and new explications have been presented in the process of time.Passions,sentiments and aesthetic emotions of an artist are mirrored in his paintings.Vivid paintings are usually not stationary but dynamic with flowing energy.This paper establishes the connections of the brush stroke use with the ancient knot-tying practice for record keeping and the bone structure of a hand.It proposes on the basis of the personal art experience two concepts in painting：bone joints and their arrangement density.It regards the structure,energy,quality,strength,flesh,rhythm,and joining of bones as the main components of a brush stroke.It points out that the ceramic painting theory formed under the guidance of Xie＇s ＂Six Principles in Painting＂is interdisciplinary,spanning aesthetics,ceramic material science and technology,iconography,painting,calligraphy,chromatology,painting composition,art psychology,art appreciation and other branches of knowledge; therefore,the theoretical system is not only knowledgedependent,but also wisdom-dependent.