企业研发边界决定:基于问题解决与知识互动的理论解释

The Decision of Firm's R&D Boundary:Theoretical Explanation based on Problem-solving and Knowledge-interacting

借鉴基于知识的企业观点,从知识互动和问题解决视角探讨了企业研发边界决定,认为企业研发边界是由搜寻解决方案的期望费用和知识方案的互动程度共同决定的,且其取决于不同治理形式下不同类型问题的解决成本和效率。通常,市场在治理低交互作用问题时是有效的,基于权威的层级组织在治理中等交互作用问题时是有效的,组织间形式则在治理高交互作用问题时是有效的。

Using knowledge-based view of the firm ,this paper examines the decision of firm＇s R＆D boundary from knowl-edge-interacting and problem-solving Perspective .Unlike the theories of transaction costs and the indeterminacy ,in this pa-per we argue that firm＇s R＆D boundary depends on the expected cost of solution search and the interaction of knowledge , it decided by the solution costs and efficiency of different problems under different governance modes .Usually ,markets are quite efficient in solving problems of low interaction ,authority-based hierarchy is efficient for Moderate interaction prob-lems ,and Interorganizational form is efficient in solving high interaction problems .Interorganizational coordination way more suitable for heuristic search that promoting complex problem solving ,heuristic search need much more knowledge in-teraction ,and the way of cooperative R＆D among organizations can greatly reduce the risk of knowledge transfer ,and pro-mote a greater range of knowledge sharing and interaction .Thus ,this can explain that with the increasing complexity of technological development ,cross-boundary cooperative R＆D alliance widely appears among enterprises .