国际外包影响因素的实证研究——基于测算方法的差异

Empirical Study on Influencing Factor of International Outsourcing: Based on Different Calculation Methods

运用3种方法测算了2002年和2007年中国35个工业行业整体及分类的物质外包率和服务外包率,比较不同类型工业行业的不同国际外包率指标的差异,并实证研究了中国工业行业国际外包的影响因素。研究结果表明:利用不同测算方法得出的国际外包率存在明显差异,但中国资本技术密集型工业行业的国际外包率远高于资源密集型、资本密集型和劳动密集型的工业行业;行业物质外包率受工资成本、市场竞争压力、外资比重和出口开放度的影响较大,行业物质外包率随着行业平均工资的提高、市场竞争压力的增加、外资比例的提高和出口开放度的提高而增大;行业服务外包水平会随着工资成本的增加、规模经济的增强而提高,随着垄断势力的增强和外资比重的提高而降低。

This paper uses three methods to estimate the material outsourcing ratios and service outsourcing ratios of China＆#39;s 36 industrial sec‐tors in 2002 and 2007 ,and analyzes the difference in different types of international outsourcing ratios of different industrial sectors.Then it studies the influencing factors of international outsourcing of China＆#39;s industrial sectors empirically.The result shows as follows ：different meas‐ure method causes significantly different results ,but the international outsourcing ratio of capital‐and technology‐intensive industries is much higher than that of resource‐intensive ,capital‐intensive and labor‐intensive industries ;wage cost ,market competition ,the proportion of foreign investment and export openness have significant impacts on material outsourcing ;the level of service outsourcing would increase with the enhan‐cing of wage cost and the strengthening of scale economy ,and decrease with the enhancing of the proportion of foreign investment and monopoly po w er .