宫颈细胞DNA倍体定量分析联合液基细胞学在宫颈癌早期筛查中的应用价值

Value of quantitative analysis is of DNA ploidy and cervical liquid-based cytology in the screening of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasm

目的：探讨宫颈细胞DNA倍体检测联合液基细胞学在宫颈癌早期筛查中的应用价值。方法对12630例患者采用宫颈细胞DNA倍体定量检测与液基细胞学联合进行宫颈病变的早期筛查，对其中1146例宫颈细胞DNA倍体定量检测阳性和（或）宫颈液基细胞学阳性者行阴道镜检查并取活检，以病理诊断为金标准，评价两种方法在宫颈癌早期筛查中的作用与意义。结果（1）宫颈DNA异倍体细胞的检出率和宫颈液基细胞学的阳性率分别为13.68%和8.97%，有统计学差异（P＜0.01）；（2）随着DNA异倍体细胞数量的增加，液基细胞学的阳性率也相应增加，且宫颈病变的严重程度也增加，两种方法检测结果均阳性者与活检病理诊断有较高的符合率；（3）以1～2个倍体异常细胞为宫颈活检标准，发现宫颈病变的敏感性为98.10%，特异性为18.20%，符合率较差；若以3个以上DNA倍体异常或液基细胞学LSIL作为阴道镜检查并取活检，发现宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅰ级以上的敏感性分别为89.14%和73.28%，特异性分别为75.80%和76.50%，均有较好的符合率。结论宫颈细胞DNA倍体定量检测与液基细胞学筛查均可作为宫颈癌及癌前病变的早期筛查的有效方法，且两者联合应用可明显提高对宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断的敏感性与特异性，达到早期诊治的目的。

Objective To evaluate the application of DNA ploidy detection and cervical liquid-based cytology in the screen methods of cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesion. Methods 12 630 women were detected by DNA ploidy and cervical liquid-based cytology, and in which of 1 146 cases with DNA aneuploidy and （or） abnormal cervical liquid-based cytology were given cervical biopsy. Pathological diagnosis was taken as gold standard. The clinical significance of two methods in the screen of cervical lesion was analyzed. Results The positive rates of DNA ploidy was significantly higher than cervical liquid-based cytology. Cases which were observed that LSIL and all above decided by cervical liquid-based cytology, and cases with DNA heteroploid cell more than 3 were sent to fixed point biopsy, the sensitivity of 73.28%and the specificity of 76.50%were cervical liquid-based cytology, while the sensitivity of 89.14%and the specificity of 75.80%by quantitative DNA. Conclusion DNA imaging cytometry is better for screening cervical dysplasia and carcinoma of the uterine cervix than conventional cytology.