我国研究生奖助制度:问题与改进——基于美国的经验

The Scholarship of Postgraduate Programs in China: Problems and Recommendations——Based on the Experience from America

当前,我国试点院校的研究生奖助制度出现了奖助标准同一、评定指标单一、"三助"落实不力、管理制度滞后等新问题,非试点院校依然存在激励效度低、资助功能不足、经费来源渠道窄等老问题。针对这些问题,通过借鉴美国大学奖助学金制度的成功经验,本文提出要建立多层次、全方位的奖助模式,充分整合社会资源、拓宽研究生奖助经费来源渠道,建立科学的研究生奖助金评定和管理机制,制定多元化的利益补偿政策等优化策略。

Currently, new problems exist in the postgraduate programs scholarship system in China＇s universities which take part in the experiment of reform. Such problems include： the standards used are identical, the indexes are over- simplified, the ＂three aids＂ are barely implemented, and the regulative systems are outdated. Other universities that are not participated in the experiment are still faced with the old problems of inefficient incitement, invalid subvention, and narrow founding. Learning from the successive experience of America＇s scholarship system, we propose that in order to solve such problems we facing, it is necessary to establish multiple level and comprehensive scholarship system, fully integrate social resources, widen the way to founding, build scientific assessment and management system, and design diversified interest compensation policy.