鸡羽色性状基因座研究进展

Research progress of feather color loci in Gallus gallus domestica

家鸡(Gallus gallus domestica)羽色受多基因调控,已经有越来越多羽色相关基因与突变被定位,包括扩展位点基因座、深褐色基因座、花斑基因座、横斑表型相关基因、真黑素稀释基因座等。就羽色形成的机理,对羽色基因座位对应的表型情况和基因座位对应的编码基因以及致因突变进行了综述。此外,还简要介绍了如何通过分子方法剔除对优质鸡育种不利的羽色基因座。

Feather color of Gallus gallus domestica is regulated by polygene. More and more genes and mutations related with the feather color have been located, including extended site locus, dark brown locus, spotted locus, genes related with horizontal plaque phenotypes, eumelanin dilution locus and so on. In view of the formation mechanism of the feather color, phenotypes corresponding to feather color loci, encoding genes and mutations corresponding to loci were reviewed. In addition, the paper also introduced how to eliminate the unfavorable feather color loci during the breeding process of quality chickens by molecular methods.